The end of the address has a host part that uniquely identifies each host inside a subnet. The bits in between the network and host part comprise the third part, namely the subnet part of the address. With classless addressing, the network and subnet parts from the classful view are combined into a single part, often called the subnet or prefix, with the address ending in the host part. The terms classless routing protocol and classful routing protocol refer to features of different IP routing protocols.
These features cannot be enabled or disabled; a routing protocol is, by its very nature, either classless or classful. In particular, classless routing protocols advertise mask information for each subnet, giving classless protocols the ability to support both VLSM and route summarization.
Classful routing protocols do not advertise mask information, so they do not support VLSM or route summarization. The third use of the terms classless and classful — routing — have to do with how the IP routing process makes use of the default route. So we can think of classless routing as an improved and revised version of the classful addressing system.
In every feature where classless routing differs from classful routing, it brings more efficiency. But it is available in classless routing. Thus, in classless addressing, subnet masks can change in the topology which is not possible in classful addressing. This allows classless addressing to have variety in the number host machine and host addresses instead of a few fixed classes. Classful routing does not import subnet masks and does not display subnets in other major subnets.
While in classless routing, subnet masks are imported , and the subnets are displayed in other major subnets. In classful routing, the address is divided into three parts which are the Network, Subnet and Host. The classless addressing system is divided into two parts which are the Subnet and Host. Thus, classful addressing can only send the complete network address. Classful addressing requires more bandwidth than classless addressing.
This makes the classful routing system slower and comparatively more costly. Because the classful addressing system is divided into three parts, troubleshooting and detecting problems is easier. Troubleshooting in classless routing is much trickier and complicated. In classful addressing, updates are regular or periodic, while updates in classless addressing systems are triggered updates. So in most aspects, classless addressing is a much more efficient system.
There are comparatively more advantages to using the classless addressing system. Classless addressing has advantages over the classful addressing system since it was designed to solve the shortcomings of classful routing.
The advantages of using classless addressing are:. Classful addressing only provides IP addresses belonging to one of the five classes. The problems with each of these classes are:. Class A. There are millions of class A addresses wasted since the host ratios are very impractical. Class C. The number of addresses provided in class C is very small. So it fails to cater the needs of most institutions. In classless routing, subnet mask is not same throughout, it may vary for all devices, we can see it in the given picture.
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